What is the greenhouse effect and how does it affect climate change?

The greenhouse effect is the effect where carbon dioxide (usually from factory gas emissions, car exhaust gas, etc) gets sent into the Earth's atmosphere, however, instead of disappearing, it gets trapped under the atmosphere of the Earth and cause the temperature of the planet to rise. The temperatures rise since the radiation of the sun's rays gets trapped under the layer of carbon dioxide. This affects climate change since when the globe warms up, our earth begins to warm up too resulting in colder parts of the earth to rise in higher temperatures than usual.