Different categories by which sequences show homology - sequence similarity due to descent from a common ancestor, include:NOTE: multiple selection questions may have 1 or more correct answers. Lincolnlogs - sequences that share similarity because they connect to one another. Orthologs - similar sequences in different species that arose from a common ancestral gene. Metalogs - sequences which share similarity because they contain information about other sequences. Paralogs - similar sequences within a species that arose by duplication.

Orthologs - similar sequences in different species that arose from a common ancestral gene and Paralogs - similar sequences within a species that arose by duplication.

Explanation:

The evolutionary tree is prepared by the DNA and protein sequencing and the similarity shown by these organisms. The phylogenetic tree determines the evolutionary history of the organisms.

The organisms that belong to different categories might also show sequence similarity. They may be orthologs that share the common ancestor and the paralogs that might occur due to the gene duplication and divergence and do not have a common ancestor.

Thus, the correct answer is option (2) and (4).