Research has indicated that during the inflammatory response to P. acnes, both the classical and the alternative complement pathways are activated. Which of the following are outcomes of activating complement pathways?

Select all that apply.

A. activation of T cytotoxic cells

B. inflammation

C. generation of antibodies against P. acnes

D. opsonization

E. cytolysis

The correct answers are options B, D and E.

Explanation:

One of the essential parts of the innate immune system is the complement system. This system performs an essential function in elevating the tendency of antibodies and phagocytic cells to eliminate the pathogens. There are three biochemical pathways, which instigate the complement system that comprises the classical, alternative, and lectin complement pathway.

The fundamental activities of the complement system are opsonization, cell lysis, chemotaxis, and agglutination. The process of cytolysis takes place through the complement pathway by the generation of membrane attack complex in the raiding cells. The complement pathway also leads to inflammation.