What is the area between the lungs that contains the heart, aorta, venae cavae, esophagus, and trachea called?

The mediastinum

Explanation:

The mediastinum is one of the three compartments of the thoracic cavity. It is found in between the right and left pleural cavities that contain the lungs. The mediastinum is like a midway in the thoracic cavity, and it is of great anatomical significance as it contains vital organs and structures such as the heart, aorta, esophagus, trachea etc. The mediastinum can be divided into two: inferior mediastinum and superior mediastinum.