Two examples of X-linked inheritance in humans are: type II diabetes and high blood pressure. a. sickle-cell anemia and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. b. red-green color blindness and hemophilia. c. blue eyes and red hair. d. None of the answer options is correct.

b. red-green color blindness and hemophilia.

Explanation:

Two types of gene determine sex of human. The X-chromosome and the Y - chromosomes. They are known as heterosomes, because they are different, Unlike other somatic chromosomes which are known as autosomes because of similar morphology.

If a gene is found on X chromosome, but with no corresponding match on Y-chromosomes; that is not available on Y chromosome, the gene said to be a sex-link-gene.

Therefore diseases transmitted by this gene are said to be sex-linked diseases, that is it is linked to the gender or sex - that the chromosomes, will determine. (since pairing of XY-male and XX - female).

Thus if the sex-linked gene is present on X-chromosome, of both parents, the girl child inherits the sex-linked diseases. One defective X-chromosomes from each parent.

However, if the gene is present on the inherited X-chromosomes of the mother, and the Y chromosomes of the father, the male child is Sex-linked.

In a carrier mother with one X-chromosomes of sex-linked disease and the other of free of sex-link, if the girl child inherits this sex-linked gene from the mother, and normal X - chromosomes from the father, the girl child who now has one sex-linked gene, and other normal X-chromosomes of the father is said to be a carrier. Thus such a girl child is not affected, but can pass the defective gene in subsequent generation provided she gets married to a man with sex - linked gene.

Men are not carriers of sex-linked diseases because, men only have 1 X-chromosomes, the Y-chromosomes is very weak, smaller than the X, and therefore can not bear the sex-linked genes. This explains the reasons why most sex-linked characters of females are usually inherited from fathers.