d. What is the general term for organisms that live in soil and fallen leaves on the forest floor? What is one example of them?

The general term is microorganisms and an example of them are fungi.

Explanation:

Microorganisms are small living beings whose dimensions do not allow them to be observed with the naked eye by man. Thus, they can only be viewed under the microscope. Many microorganisms live in soil and fallen leaves on the forest floor. In general, microorganisms contribute to soil fertilization, substance recycling and participate in biogeochemical cycles. They can still be used in the manufacture of products such as yogurt, wines, cheese, vinegars and breads.

One exemplo of a microorganism is fungi. Soil fungi are also capable of interacting with plants, with pathogenic and mycorrhizal associations being the most significant interactions in agroecology.

Edaphon, Leaf litter and earthworm

Explanation:

Edaphon is the general term used to reffer to the animals and plants present in the soil. On the other hand, there is not only one name for the fallen leaves on the forest floor. It could be either plant litter, leaf litter or even tree littler. Although the name suggests it is only leaves, this plant litter could include leaves, barks and twigs that can fall off a tree. The edaphon its made up of thousands of organisms including a huge number of bacteria, fungi, and arthropods. A good example of organisms living in the soil is an earthworm. Earthworms crawl through the soil feeding from it, digesting part of the organic material and fertilizing it with their excrement.