Which of the following statements about metabolism are true?

1) Catabolism is the process in which complex substances are broken down, yielding a net output of energy.

2) Metabolism is an integrated system in which many of the same reactions participate in degradative (catabolic) and biosynthetic (anabolic) pathways.

3) Anabolism involves the synthesis of polymeric biomolecules and complex lipids from monomers such as fatty acids and nucleotides.

4) All organisms derive raw materials and energy from organic molecules, such as glucose.

a. Only 1 and 2 are correct.

b. Only 1 and 3 are correct.

c. Only 1, 2, and 3 are correct.

d. All four statements are correct.

c. Only 1, 2, and 3 are correct.

Explanation:

Metabolism includes all the chemical reactions that occur inside a living cell. Metabolism consists of multistep chemical pathways. The metabolic pathways are of two types: catabolic pathways and anabolic pathways. The catabolic pathways are the chemical pathways that breakdown the complex substances in the simpler ones and result in the release of energy. Catabolism is exergonic in nature.

On the other hand, anabolic chemical pathways form complex substances from the simpler elements and require an input of energy. The formation of long chains of the polypeptide by joining monomer amino acids together is an example of anabolism. The breakdown of the polypeptide chain into the amino acids is an example of catabolism.