What term do biologist use to describe the number of individuals a species requires to reproduce successfully and prevent it from going extinct?

Minimum viable populations (MVPs) size

Explanation:

The term minimum viable populations size refers to the smallest and viable population size that will persist for a particular time period. It describes the population size that is capable to preventing itself from extinction by maintaining itself. The minimum viable population size varies for different species. It is regulated by density dependent and density independent factors that regulate the growth rate of specific population or species.

Minimum viable population size (MVP)