Which of the following processes would manufacture glucose and other sugars from non-carbohydrate sources?

(a) Glycogenolysis

(b) Glycogenesis

(c) Gluconeogenesis

(d) Beta oxidation

Answer: (c) Gluconeogenesis

Explanation:

Gluconeogenesis ("new formation of glucose") uses amino acids and lactic acid obtained from muscle proteins to convert into glucose. The glucocorticoids stimulate the liver to produce the enzymes needed for gluconeogenesis, the conversion of amino acids into glucose. This creation of glucose from protein is particularly important during very long periods of fasting or exercise when blood glucose levels might otherwise become dangerously low.