Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) Dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria produce H2S

B) Archaea live in extreme environments

C) Chemoautotrophic bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen

D) Actinomycetes reproduce by fragmentation

E) Cytophaga a gliding, nonfruiting bacterium

Answer: C.

Chemoautotrophic bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen

Explanation:

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, microorganisms capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen (inorganic compounds usable by plants). More than 90 percent of all nitrogen fixation is effected by these organisms, which thus play an important role in the nitrogen cycle.

Bacteria play a central role: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates. Bacteria of decay, which convert decaying nitrogen waste to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria, which convert ammonia to nitrates/nitrites.

C) Chemoautotrophic bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen

Explanation:

Chemoautotrophic bacteria do not fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Chemoautotrophic bacteria are bacteria that are capable of manufacturing their foods through the oxidation of inorganic compounds.

In other words, chemoautotrophic bacteria are those that are capable of breaking or cleaving the chemical bonds of substances that do not contain carbon in order to obtain the necessary energy for their metabolism.

Option A is correctly matched because dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria are indeed capable of producing H2S

Option B is correctly matched. Archaea are bacteria that are capable of existing in extreme environments.

Option D is correctly matched.

Option E is correctly matched.

The correct option is C.