What is the relationship between DNA, genes, amino acids, and proteins in the expression of inherited traits?

A DNA consist of gene codes for a specific amino acid that combinely forms a protein involved in trait expression. Single gene features are called the Mendelian traits.

It important to know that genes affect physical traits indirectly by way of the proteins created via DNA.

DNA which composed of genes holds information about their nucleotides in the base pair chain. Active genes, genetic data decide which proteins are synthesised and when the synthesis is turned on or off. Variations in a gene may have many potential effects on traits. For example, changes in the proteins involved in growth and development may cause differences in physical characteristics such as height.