Which type of system or instrument would be best at gathering data on wind

speed at a certain location just above ocean waters?

Anemometer

Explanation:

It should be understood that the anemometer is different to wind vane in both structure and function.

This is because, anemometer is an instrument that is used to measure the speed of the wind, while the wind vane is used to measure the direction of the wind.

Therefore, in this case, the anemometer is going to be the instrument to measure the speed of the wind above the ocean waters.