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28 March, 07:03

Which anatomical description is true of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

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  1. 28 March, 10:18
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    Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system

    Introduction The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general function is to control homeostasis and the body's rest-and-digest response. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general action is to mobilize the body's fight-or-flight response.

    Function Control the body's response while at rest. Control the body's response during perceived threat.

    Originates in Sacral region of spinal cord, medulla, cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10 Thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord

    Activates response of Rest and digest Fight-or-flight

    Neuron Pathways Longer pathways, slower system Very short neurons, faster system

    General Body Response Counterbalance; restores body to state of calm. Body speeds up, tenses up, becomes more alert. Functions not critical to survival shut down.

    Cardiovascular System (heart rate) Decreases heart rate Increases contraction, heart rate

    Pulmonary System (lungs) Bronchial tubes constrict Bronchial tubes dilate

    Musculoskeletal System Muscles relax Muscles contract

    Pupils Constrict Dilate

    Gastrointestinal System Increases stomach movement and secretions Decreases stomach movement and secretions

    Salivary Glands Saliva production increases Saliva production decreases

    Adrenal Gland No involvement Releases adrenaline

    Glycogen to Glucose Conversion No involvement Increases; converts glycogen to glucose for muscle energy

    Urinary Response Increase in urinary output Decrease in urinary output

    Neurotransmitters neurons are cholinergic: acetylcholine neurons are mostly adrenergic: epinephrine / norepinephrine (acetylcholine)
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