DNA methylation and histone acetylation are examples of which of the following processes? DNA methylation and histone acetylation are examples of which of the following processes? epigenetic phenomena translocation chromosomal rearrangements genetic mutation

Epigenetic phenomena

Explanation:

Epigenetics is the external changes to DNA that can turn genes on or off. The changes does not affect the DNA sequence, but it affects how cells read genes.

Epigenetic changes affects the physical structure of DNA by altering it. DNA methylation and histone modifications are examples of epigenetic changes.

DNA methylation: this is the addition of a methyl group to part of the DNA molecule, it prevents the expression of certain genes.

histone modification: Histones are the proteins that DNA wraps around. DNA would be too long to fit inside cells without this protein. If DNA is squeezed tightly, then the cell cannot read the DNA. The DNA can be accessible to proteins that read genes through changes that relax the histone.

Epigenetics is what makes a skin cell, a brain cell or a muscle cell look different. Though these three cells have the same DNA, their genes are expressed differently, which causes the creation of the different cell types.

Epigenetic phenomena

Explanation:

Epigenetics involves the changes in gene expression which is not as a result of changes in an individual's DNA sequence. In other words, it is a change in an individual's phenotype, without an alteration in the genotype.

It is involved in the normal functioning of cellular processes.

Examples of epigenetics is DNA methylation (adding of a methyl group to a section of the DNA molecule) and histone modification such as histone acetylation (adding an acetyl group to the histone).

Epigenetic changes can switch off genes, hence, prevent the expression of those genes; it can also turn on genes, hence increase the expression of those genes.

Epigenetic changes can also results to diseases such as cancer.