Which process are affected by the freeze and thaw cycles?

The answer is:

Expansion and cracking

Explanation:

Whenever water freezes, it is expanded about 9 percent. Since the water in moist concrete freezes it producing pressure in the pores of the concrete. The collective effect of freeze-thaw cycles and disruption of aggregate can eventually cause expansion and cracking, scaling, and crumbling of the concrete that is formed from moist.

deposition and weathering