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7 December, 19:43

Which of these is NOT a way that large molecules, like glucose, can enter a cell?

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  1. 7 December, 22:19
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    Transport through the cell membrane, either directly through the lipid bilayer or through the transport proteins, occurs by either diffusion or active transport.

    Diffusion is further divided into: simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. Simple diffusion means the kinetic movement of molecules or ions occurs through a membrane opening or intermolecular spaces without the interaction of carrier proteins while facilitated diffusion requires interaction of a carrier protein.

    Active transport is subdivided into: primary active transport wherein the energy is derived from the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or some other high-energy phosphate compound; while secondary active transport, the energy is derived from energy that has been stored in the form of ionic concentration differences of secondary molecular or ionic substances between the two sides of the cell membrane.

    With large molecules like glucose they enter the cell through facilitated diffusion. Glucose for example cannot easily diffuse through the pores of the cell membrane. Penetrating through the lipid matrix of the cell membrane are are large number of protein carrier molecules that bind with glucose. In this bound form, the glucose can be transported by the carrier from one side of the membrane to the other side and is released.
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