What is meant by requirements gathering, and why is it important to clearly define the data requirements of a database before creating it?

The purpose of requirements management is to ensure that the project meets the expectations of its customers and its stakeholders, both external and internal, being the process that guarantees the link between what customers and users expect, and what teams of project have to develop.

Explanation:

The process of gathering requirements consists in documenting the quantified and documented needs, desires and expectations of the interested parties to convert them into project requirements.

The importance lies in the fact that once the valid requirements of the Project have been collected, the Project Director converts them into specifications, in works that must be carried out to implement those requirements. On them will depend the decision making for the execution of the project.