According to Cloward and Ohlin, which type of gang emerges in areas where conventional and illegitimate values and behavior are integrated by a close connection of illegitimate and legitimate businesses?

a. conflict gangs

b. criminal gangs

c. innovation gangs

d. retreatist gangs

B. Criminal gangs

Explanation:

Cloward and Ohlin are two criminologists who sought to explain the different kind of criminal cultures as it was in their time. The suggested three subcultures which are;

1. Criminal gangs

2. Conflict gangs

3. Retreatist gangs.

In this case, we are concerned with the criminal gangs. The criminal gangs involves organize crime, where youths are being cajoled by criminals into starting their own criminal careers promising wealth and material success. This group is made up of individuals looking for illegal means to make wealth like thieves, mafias and so on.