Overspeculation and a decrease in consumer confidence are both leading factors of:?

a stock crash

Explanation:

Speculation refers to trading high risk securities in an attempt to earn higher than normal returns. Speculators use stock market fluctuations to purchase and sell risky securities, and when it is aired with buying on the margin the risk increases by the margin amount. Speculators profit from abrupt changes in security prices, and sometimes will artificially increase the price of securities (i. e. a stock market bubble).

Consumer confidence is vital for an economy's health and when it falls, the first place that takes notice of it is the stock market. A decrease in consumer confidence means less private consumption which inevitably results in an economic recession.

When both factors meet, over speculation and a decrease in consumer confidence, the result is the bursting of the stock market bubble and a sharp decrease in prices.