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19 November, 02:16

If 35.5 mL of 0.23 M HCl is required to completely neutralize 20.0 mL of NH3, what is the concentration of the NH3 solution? Show all of the work needed to solve this problem.

HCl + NH3 yields NH4Cl

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  1. 19 November, 05:29
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    NH3 is neutralised by the equation:

    HCL + NH3 - > NH4CL

    In this equation there is a one to one relationship in terms of the number of moles of each reactant. I. e. To neutralise 1 mole of NH3 we require 1 mole of HCL.

    To calculate the concentration of NH3 required, we must first calculate the number of moles of HCL used.

    volume HCL = 35.5mL = 0.0355 litres

    concentration HCL = 0.23M = 0.23 mole/litre

    Note that the term "M" for concentration simply means moles/litre

    number moles = concentration x volume

    number moles HCL = 0.0355 x 0.23 = 0.008165 moles HCL

    based on the equation, we know the number of moles of NH3 must be the same

    So,

    moles NH3, n = 0.008165

    volume NH3, v = 20.0mL = 0.020 litres

    n = c x v

    c = n / v

    c = 0.008165 / 0.020

    =0.41

    i. e. the concentration of NH3 would be 0.41 moles/litre or 0.41M

    This intuitively makes sense because there is less volume of NH3 required to be neturalised, in a one-to-one mole relationship. So the concentration of NH3 would need to be higher than that of HCL.
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