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30 April, 05:50

Ammonia rapidly reacts with hydrogen chloride, making ammonium chloride. Calculate the number of grams of excess reactant when 6.01 g of NH3 reacts with 4.91 g of HCl.

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  1. 30 April, 06:03
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    The equation for the reaction is as follows;

    NH₃ + HCl - - > NH4Cl

    one of the 2 reactants have been added in excess, to find out which reactant is in excess we need to find the number of moles of each reactant

    NH₃ moles reacted - 6.01 g / 17 g/mol

    = 0.35 mol

    HCl moles reacted = 4.91 g / 36.5 g/mol

    = 0.13 mol

    the stoichiometry of NH₃ : HCl = 1:1

    therefore the number of moles reacted should be equal, however NH₃ there are more moles than HCl which means that NH₃ has reacted in excess

    the number of NH₃ moles that would have reacted = 0.13 mol

    The mass of NH₃ reacted = 0.13 mol * 17 g/mol

    = 2.21 g

    the excess amount of reactant is = 6.01 g - 2.21 g

    = 3.8 g

    the answer is 3.8 g
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