What makes a solute soluble in water?

Solubility is the quality of soluble (which can be dissolved). It is a measure of the ability of a certain substance to dissolve in another

Explanation:

The substance that dissolves is known as solute, while the one in which it dissolves is called a solvent or solvent. The concentration, on the other hand, refers to the ratio between the amount of solute and the amount of solvent in a solution.

The solubility can be expressed as a percentage of solute or in units as moles per liter or grams per liter. It is important to note that not all substances dissolve in the same solvents.

The polarity of substances has a great influence on their ability to solubility. It must be taken into account that the solubility depends on the characteristics of the solute and the solvent as well as the environmental pressure and the temperature.

Another factor that affects solubility is the presence of other species dissolved in the solvent. If the liquid in question harbors metal complexes, the solubility is altered. The excess or defect of a common ion in the solution and the ionic strength also have an impact on solubility.

According to the conditions of solubility, one can speak of a diluted solution (the amount of solute appears in minimum proportion with respect to volume), concentrated solution (with a significant amount of solute), unsaturated solution (does not reach the maximum tolerable amount of solute), saturated solution (has as much solute as possible) or supersaturated solution (contains more solute than may exist).

The state of a process in which activities or concentrations and products do not change over a period of time is called chemical equilibrium. Any relationship established between this and the dissolved and solid states of a compound is known as the equilibrium of solubility, and is used to anticipate the solubility of a substance under certain conditions.