A 3.30 M aqueous solution of LiCl has a density of 1.0736 g/mL. If the total mass of the solution is 66.0 g, what masses of solute and solvent are present

Mass of solute, LiCl = 8.60g

Mass of solvent, H₂O = 57.4 g

Explanation:

Solution density = Solution mass / Solution volume

1.0736 g/mL = 66 g / Solution volume

66 g / 1.0736 g/mL = 61.47 mL

We know solution's molarity, so with this data we know that 3.30 moles of solute (LiCl) are contained in 1 L of solution (1000 mL)

Let's make the rule of three:

1000 mL contain 3.30 moles of LiCl

61.47 mL would contain (61.47 mL. 3.30 mol) / 1000 mL = 0.203 moles of LiCl

We can find out the mass of solute with the moles. Let's do it!

0.203 mol. 42.39 g/mol = 8.60 g of LiCl.

Total mass = Mass of solvent + Mass of solute

Let's find out the mass of solvent, to finish the problem

66 g = Mass of solvent + 8.60 g

66 g - 8.60 g = Mass of solvent → 57.4 g

The solute (LiCl) has a mass of 8.605 grams

The solvent has a mass of 57.395 grams

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Molarity of LiCl = 3.30 M

Densit = 1.0736 g/mL

Mass of the solution = 66.0 grams

Step 2: Calculate volume of LiCl solution

Volume = mass / density

Volume = 66.0 grams / 1.0736 g/mL

Volume = 61.5 mL = 0.0615 L

Step 3: Calculate moles of LiCl

Moles = molarity * volume

Moles = 3.30 M * 0.0615 L

Moles = 0.203 moles

Step 4: Calculate mass of LiCl (solute)

Mass = moles * molar mass

Mass LiCl = 0.203 moles * 42.39 g/mol

Mass LiCl = 8.605 grams

Step 5: Calculate mass solvent

Mass solvent = mass solution - mass solute

Mass solvent = 66.0 g - 8.605

Mass solvent = 57.395

The solute (LiCl) has a mass of 8.605 grams

The solvent has a mass of 57.395 grams