State the number of electrons that must be lost by atoms of

each of the following to achieve a stable electron configuration:

a. Li b. Ca c. Ga d. Cs e. Ba

The number of electrons that must be lost by atoms of each given to achieve a stable electron configuration are as follows:

Li has to lose 1 electron Ca has to lose 2 electrons Ga has to lose 13 electrons Cs has to lose 1 electron Ba has to lose 2 electrons.

Explanation:

It is known that the elements in the last group or we can stay the noble gases have the most stable electron configuration. So if any other element has to attain stable electron configuration, either they have to loose electrons to attain the electronic configuration similar to its closest noble gas element or they have to attain extra electron to reach the electronic configuration of its nearest noble gas element.

In this case, the question is stated to determine the number of electrons lost by the atoms to reach its stable electron configuration. Thus, the outermost shell electrons or the valence state electrons can be lost by the element to attain the electronic configuration of its nearest noble gas element.

So, the elements given in the question need to lose the electrons such that the electronic configuration of the element after losing of electrons will be equal to the electronic configuration of noble elements. This attainment of noble gas configuration by the elements will be achieving the stable electron configuration.