The metal Cadmium tends to form Cd2 + ions. The following observations are made: i) When a strip of zinc metal is placed in Cd2 + (aq), cadmium metal is deposited onto the strip, ii) When a strip cadmium metal is placed into Ni2 + (aq), nickel metal is deposited onto the strip; A) Write net-ionic equations to explain each of these observations. B) What can you conclude about the position of cadmium in the activity series relative to zinc and nickel?

A)

The first reaction can be represented by the following equation:

i) Zn (s) + Cd²⁺ (aq) → Zn²⁺ (aq) + Cd (s)

The second reaction can be represented by the following equation:

ii) Cd (s) + Ni²⁺ (aq) → Cd²⁺ (aq) + Ni (s)

B) The activity series is a tool used to predict displacement reactions. More reactive metals (above in the series) can displace less reactive ones (below in the series) from the salts they are part of in solutions.

In i) we can see zinc displacing cadmium. Therefore, cadmium is below zinc in the activity series.

In ii) we can see cadmium displacing nickel. Thus, cadmium is above nickel in the activity series.