Explain the necessary similarities and/or differences between the components of a mixture in order for extraction to be used as an effective method for separation. In other words, how must Compound A and Compound B be similar and/or different in order for these components to be separated using extraction

It is necessary that there be differences and similarities between the components of a mixture.

Explanation:

Differences: It is important that there are solubility differences between the components of a mixture.

As similarities they must have, it is necessary to take into account the solubility rule that says "Similar similar dissolves", that is, that polar solutes can only be dissolved in polar solvents and non-polar solvents in non-polar solvents.