Which of the following statements are TRUE of buffer solutions? 1. A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of acetic acid and sodium acetate. 2. A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride. 3. A buffer solution resists changes in pH when small quantities of acid or base are added.

Option 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation:

Buffer solution is the solution which resists the change in the magnitude of the pH when small additions of either acid or base is added. Buffer solutions consist of weak acid and its conjugate base usually which are mixed in relatively equal and large quantities.

Hence,

Option 1. is correct because acetic acid is a weak acid and sodium acetate is the conjugate base of it which are mixed in equal concentrations.

Option 2. is incorrect because HCl and NaCl are both strong acid and salt respectively and will not form a buffer.

Option 3. is correct which is the definition of a buffer solution.

Option 1 and 3 are correct.