Describe the formation of a hydrogen bond and explain how it differs from a covalent or ionic bond

Answers:

Hydrogen bond is formed when positive end of one molecule attracted negative end of other molecule. The concept is similar to magnetic attraction where opposite poles attract each other.

Explanation:

While understanding hydrogen bond, two terms are important, one is electronegativity (tendency of atoms to attract electrons towards itself) and other is dipole (separation of positive and negative charge in a molecule). Hydrogen bond is always formed between hydrogen atom and other atoms having electronegativity different than hydrogen.

Differ from Ionic and Covalent Bonds:

Hydrogen bond is weaker than ionic and covalent bond. Ionic and covalent bonds are intramolecular (within the molecule) whereas hydrogen bond is intermolecular (between molecules).

Example:

Formation of hydrogen bonding in water.