Compared to a proton, an electron has (1) a greater quantity of charge and the same sign (2) a greater quantity of charge and the opposite sign (3) the same quantity of charge and the same sign (4) the same quantity of charge and the opposite sign

The answer is (4). An electron and a proton both have the same quantity of charge, namely about 1.602e-19 C, but whereas protons are positive, electrons are negative. This is why elements in their natural state (same number of electrons as protons) are neutral.