Write using about 10-15 lines for each of the six materials (metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, composites, and semiconductors). For each, list at least three most important properties, two drawbacks, three well-known examples, and three well-known applications.

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Engineering

Archer

7 December, 16:10

Write using about 10-15 lines for each of the six materials (metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, composites, and semiconductors). For each, list at least three most important properties, two drawbacks, three well-known examples, and three well-known applications.

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Answers (1)

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Colt Barrett · Answer 1

See Answer below - Explanation is the entire answer

Explanation:

Metals:

Properties: Ductile, good heat conductivity, good electrical conductivity, high strength;

Drawbacks: Relatively high weight, reactive with oxygen to create oxides - corrosion is presented;

Examples: steel, aluminum alloys, brass, copper, titanium

Applications: Body of the vehicles, structures in the skyscrapers, cooking pots.

Ceramics:

Properties: Brittle, poor heat conductors, poor electrical conductors, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance;

Drawbacks: Deforms by fracturing, shock resistance is low, no conductivity of electricity;

Examples: concrete, tungsten carbide, diamond

Applications: bricks for constructions, clay pots to keep heat, cutting tools for metals;

Glasses:

Properties: amorphous, transparent, high weight

Drawbacks: poor conductors of heat and electricity; brittle; low shock resistance;

Examples: Silica, lead glass, glaze;

Applications: windows, protection screens;

Polymers:

Properties: low density, recyclable, poor heat and electrical conductors, plastic deformation;

Drawbacks: low strength, low operating temperatures;

Examples: polyethylene, nylon, ABS-plastic, rubber;

Applications: toys, tires, insulation covers for the wires.

Composites:

Properties: high strength to weight ratio, can get combination of properties from the used materials, rarely conductive, good shock resistance;

Drawbacks: high cost, hard to recycle, expensive;

Examples: steel-reinforced concrete, carbon fiber, fiber glass, Nomex, sandwich roof panels;

Applications: buildings, bullet proof vests, body of the Formula 1 cars, rockets, roof panels.

Semiconductors:

Properties: brittle, change conductive behavior under certain scenario, poor heat conductors;

Drawbacks: hard to manufacture, expensive;

Examples: Silicon-based semiconductors, Germanium-based semiconductors, Ga-based semiconductors;

Applications: chips, LED, diodes, transistors, op-amps, microprocessors.