What do you call a word that can be submitted for a person place or thing?

A pronoun.

For example,

Jack went to school.

He went to school.

'He' is a pronoun for Jack.

Jack drove the car to school.

Jack drove it to school. 'It' is a pronoun for the car.

Jack visited East Timor last Spring.

Jack visited there last Spring. 'There' is a pronoun for East Timor.