According to this site, what are four types of schools one can consider, when looking into schools that may have programs that match their interests?

The answer is:

Universities:

an institution of higher education which comprises a set of colleges or higher schools destined to the professional and scientific specialization.

Community Colleges

Community colleges, sometimes also called Junior Colleges, are institutions of higher education that offer two-year courses at prices more affordable than those found in "traditional" universities.

Carrier schools

Career College would be the same as a short-term technical (or vocational) course, they do not offer a diploma, but only a certificate.

International schools