the modern reader may notice the misogyny in Swift's essay. Does it make Swift's criticism of society less powerful?

Yes, misogyny in Swift's essay made his criticism of society less powerful.

Explanation:

In 1729, the Great Britain was in a full-fledged in Anglo Spanish war which led to poverty and famine among the whole country. The swift's essay questioned about the famine that spread within the country to the officials satirically to stop the war and focus on the growth of nation. But in modern days, a modern-day reader might notice the misogyny in Swift's essay as he has written it in manner that criticizes the women who lost their livelihood in the war. Though his utmost motive was to request to stop the war, in today's context the reader notices the misogyny in his satirical essay.