The five major questions below are part of a body of investigation questions known as the

a0.

What purpose?

What action?

What agent?

What setting?

What means?

Answer: Inductive reasoning.

You would be looking at inductive reasoning. Think of the scientific method. Scientists will study a behavior of an animal and then come to conclusions based off of this evidence.

Deductive reasoning would be starting with a Theory and then fleshing it out. Deductive reasoning is where you would act like a Sherlock Holmes to find the answer. Through observation, facts, etc ...