What is upwelling for science

Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface. This graphic shows how displaced surface waters are replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water that "wells up" from below.

Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface. How displaced surface waters are replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water that "wells up" from below. Conditions are optimal for upwelling along the coast when winds blow along the shore. Winds blowing across the ocean surface push water away.

Explanation:

Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water. The nutrient-rich upwelled water stimulates the growth and reproduction of primary producers such as phytoplankton.