Which principle suggests that all of Earth's geological features and history can be explained by processes identical to ones acting today?

Uniformitarianism

Explanation:

Uniformitarianism, in geology is the doctrine suggesting that Earth's geologic processes acted in the same manner and with essentially the same intensity in the past as they do in the present and that such uniformity is sufficient to account for all geologic change. This principle is fundamental to geologic thinking and underlies the whole development of the science of geology.