A geologist studies an area of cracked and split rock in a cold region. what processed most likely caused the rocks appearance

Freeze and thaw action causes the rocks to crack and split in a cold region.

Explanation:

Rocks in the cold regions appeared to be cracked and look like it is splited out. The frost action which occurred in the cold regions has been accumulated in the rock gaps in the winter season. During summer season, these accumulated ice underwent the melting process and the soluble water affect the chemical composition of rocks followed by the winter season. These water particles get converted in to ice and create the fracture which is seen in the rocks and this action physically weakens the rocks.