1. The First Quarter Moon always occurs

a. when the Moon is closer to the Sun than the Earth is.

b. when the Moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun.

c. when the Moon is directly opposite the position of the Sun.

d. on the 7th or 8th of every month

2. The Full Moon always occurs

a. on the 15th of every month.

b. when the Moon is directly opposite the position of the Sun.

c. when the Moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun.

d. when the Moon is closer to the Sun than the Earth is

3. The New Moon always occurs

a. on the 1st of every month

b. when the Moon is closer to the Sun than the Earth is.

c. when the Moon is directly opposite the position of the Sun.

d. when the Moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun.

When the Moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun. When the Moon is directly opposite the position of the Sun. When the Moon is closer to the Sun than the Earth is.

1. - b. when the Moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun.

2.-b. when the Moon is directly opposite the position of the Sun.

3.-b. when the Moon is closer to the Sun than the Earth is.

Explanation:

The First Quarter Moon is when we can see exactly half of the Moon's surface illuminated. If it is the left or right half, it depends on where you are on Earth. If we observe the diagram I added we can see than the moon is at right angles to the direction of the Sun when it's in this phase. Full Moon happens when the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun, this makes the bright side of the Moon face the Earth. This is also observable in the diagram. The New Moon always occurs when the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, therefore it's closer to the Sun than the Earth, the bright side of the Moon is facing away from the Earth. You can check this in the diagram as well.

I hope you find this information useful and interesting! Good luck!