What tool was used to do measure the depths of the ocean? •What are the 2 pieces of equipment used to collect bottom samples on the Challenger? •What was a newly invented piece of equipment used on the Challenger ship to get water samples called?

Scientific ocean exploration began in the 19th century, using wooden sailing ships. At that time, explorers had none of the technological sophistication and tools available today. A comparison of modern-day exploration with the late 19-century journey of the HMS Challenger illustrates the progress that science has made in ocean exploration.