What factors cause variations in climate and vegetation in Canada?

The climate is the average weather conditions that prevail over an area and is measured on an average of thirty or more years. There are various factors that influence the climate of a particular region and this in turn influences the vegetation. Canada is a relatively large landmass and as such will have different micro-climates. For example, regions closer to the coast may have higher temperatures because of the influence of the sea while regions at the same latitude will have lower temperatures. Regions further north will experience colder weather because of the higher latitude regions receiving less direct sunlight. Higher latitude regions will have tundra type vegetation while regions in Canada experiencing milder temperatures will have alpine vegetation.