How does the internal structure of the earth influence the creation of the continents, ocean, and the mountain range

Well the topmost layer of the earth (aside from the atmospher) would be the crust. It is made up of tectonic plates that move in different directions. The collisons and abrasions made by these plates sliding and crashing into each other means that mountain ranges pop up like wrinkles, and continents can move around over time. This happens over millions of years.