Congress declares a person to be guilty of a crime without having been given a trial this is an example of

Habeas corpus

A bill of attainder

An ex post facto law

Cruel and unusual punishment

The answer is actually a bill of attainder aka option C

Congress declares a person to be guilty of a crime without having been given a trial this is an example of

A bill of attainder

Explanation:

A bill of attainder (also called the associate act of cancellation or legal document of cancellation or bill of pains associate d penalties) is an act of a legislative assembly declaring someone or cluster of persons guilty of some crime and backbreaking them, usually while not an attempt.