During whose reign was the Habeas Corpus passed and the Whig and Tory parties developed? Charles II, Philip I, James I, Henry IV.

The correct answer is Charles II

He was a monarch from the 17th century after the interregnum period when Britain was a republic led by Oliver Cromwell. The parties were instrumental in many political activities of the time and they even opposed the King or made him change decisions for things like religious freedom and such. Charles himself sided with torries.