Who conducted the doll experiment, and how did this experiment contribute to the civil rights movement in the United States?

The correct answer is

Kenneth and Mamie Clark

They conducted the famous doll experiment in the 40s to show how children reacted when met with dolls of different race. The results were that the children mostly picked and spoke praise of the Caucasian doll which showed that African-American children had internalized racism and had a feeling of inferiority to white people.