How did reformers try to make business more efficient and profitable

The correct answer is Scientific management (assembly line)

An assembly line or production chain is the process that divides the manufacture of a product into specialized work within the production process itself. These production works are carried out in phases or stages scrupulously following a predefined sequence.

Assembly lines are the most common method used in mass production of products as it allows to obtain better quality products at a lower cost and less time.