4. Why was Socrates famous and how did he die?

Socrates died because he was found guilty corrupting the minds of the youth of Athens and of impiety (asebeia, "not believing in the gods of the state"), and as a punishment sentenced to death, caused by the drinking of a mixture containing poison hemlock.

He was famous for laying the footwork for Western systems of logic and philosophy.

His Socratic method laid the groundwork for Western systems of logic and philosophy. When the political climate of Greece turned against him, Socrates was sentenced to death by hemlock poisoning in 399 B. C. He accepted this judgment rather than fleeing into exile.