Which of the following was not a cause of the american revolution

Desire for westward expansion.

Manifest Destiny doesn't occur until the 1800s so it has nothing to do with the American Revolution.

Although there were many reasons why the 13 Colonies wanted independence. Here are some examples:

The Stamp Act

Religious Freedom

The Boston Massacre

and because many British Soldiers in America were invading homes, killing people for no reason whatsoever, and properties whenever they wished; violating human rights.