Which of the following protected craftspeople in the 1800s?

apprentices

guilds

trade unions

labor unions

A guild is a partnership, affiliation or fellowship of merchants, craftspeople or artisans, (popularized in medieval times) having substantial power to be responsible of look after their activities in certain region, and in the 1800s guilds kept an eye on the livelihood of craftspeople; thus the correct answer is the 2nd one: "guilds".