Which challenges have the Andean and mid-latitude countries face since gaining independence

The challenges that the Andean and mid-latitude countries have faced since gaining independence were of achieve the objective of consolidating a strong and stable democracy, of establishing a firm and solid economy and of overcoming the social crises that several dictators left behind, because after the Andean and mid-latitude countries obtained their independences (Since the 18th century), they had to conquer and overcome several difficulties such as the need of establish strong countries with stable democracies and economies, and also surpass the social crises that some dictatorships left in some countries.

Harsh rule by military leaders

Their government was out of wack and lost some resources

Difficulty in controlling and developing resources

They did have tons of resources however, they had a hard time trying to keep it all in their hands.

Extreme gaps between rich and poor.

Since there wasn't tons of resources or things to sell, some people had it all, and some people didn't have anything.