African enslaved persons outnumbered free people 10 to 1 in Saint-Domingue, which led to

a massive and successful uprising.

a good education for Toussaint L'Ouverture.

the release of General Toussaint L'Ouverture by the French.

strong and relentless control by plantation owners

African enslaved persons outnumbered free people 10 to 1 in Saint-Domingue, which led to " strong and relentless control by plantation owners", since they were afraid that such a ratio would lead to a revolt.

I believe the answer is: a massive and successful uprising

At that time, Saint Dominique (a territory controlled by the French Government) had the largest slave population in the Carribean territory, which enable them to produce a third of world's sugar production and half of coffee production. Realizing that they have the power in numbers, the slaves decided to banded up together and overthrew French's ruling